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Emergence and Dissemination of a Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Panton-Valentine Leucocidin-Positive Staphylococcus aureus Clone Sharing the Sequence Type 5 Lineage with the Most Prevalent Nosocomial Clone in the Same Region of Argentina

Claudia Sola,¹ Hector A. Saka,¹ the Cordoba MRSA Collaborative Study Group , Ana Vindel,² and José Luis Bocco^1*

Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellon Argentina, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina,¹ Laboratorio de Infecciones Nosocomiales, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain²

Received 2 October 2007/ Returned for modification 28 November 2007/ Accepted 22 February 2008

Epidemiological surveillance for community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus revealed prevalences of 33% and 13% in pediatric and adult patients, respectively, in Cordoba, Argentina, in 2005. This study describes for the first time the emergence and dissemination of the sequence type 5 (ST5) lineage as the most prevalent clone (89%) (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis type I-ST5-staphylococcal cassette chromosome type IVa-spa type 311) harboring the Panton-Valentine leukocidin and enterotoxin A genes.

Published ahead of print on 5 March 2008.

Members of the Cordoba MRSA Collaborative Study Group are Aida Monterisi and Marta Rocchi (Hospital Nacional de Clínicas), Olga Perlo-Morales and María S. Aiassa (Hospital Córdoba), Mario Vilaro and María E. Bongiovanni (Hospital Privado de Córdoba), Sandra Mangiaterra (Hospital Italiano de Córdoba), Elda Diaz and Ricardo Lamberghini (Hospital Militar de Córdoba), Ana Littvik and Teresa Lopez (Hospital Rawson), Silvia Yudowsky and Liliana Gonzalez (Hospital Infantil), Lydia Carvajal and Catalina Culasso (Hospital de Niños), Lidia Wolff and B. Vercelli (Clínica Privada Velez Sarsfield), Elena M. D'Andrea and Adriana Lopez (Hospital de Urgencias), Gladys Pino and Veronica Muñoz (Hospital San Roque), Marina Bottiglieri (Clínica Reina Fabiola), Patricia Gonzalez and Ricardo Lamberghini (Hospital Español Medical Plaza), Paulo Cortes (Hospital Pediátrico del Niño Jesús), and Germán Gribaudo (Sanatorio Nosti-Rafaela-Santa Fe).