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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2009, p. 1352-1357, Vol. 47, No. 5
0095-1137/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.02016-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Diversity of Spirochetes in Endodontic Infections {triangledown}

Mitsuo Sakamoto,1 José F. Siqueira Jr.,2* Isabela N. Rôças,2 and Yoshimi Benno1

Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Center, Wako, Saitama, Japan,1 Department of Endodontics and Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil2

Received 17 October 2008/ Returned for modification 22 December 2008/ Accepted 23 February 2009

The diversity of spirochetes in primary endodontic infections of teeth with chronic apical periodontitis or acute apical abscesses was investigated using 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis. The prevalences of three common cultivable oral Treponema species were also determined using species-specific nested PCR. All detected spirochetes belonged to the genus Treponema. Overall, 28 different taxa were identified from the 431 clones sequenced: 9 cultivable and validly named species, 1 cultivable as-yet-uncharacterized strain, and 18 as-yet-uncultivated phylotypes, 17 of which were novel. The large majority of clones (94%) were from cultivable named species. The numbers of Treponema species/phylotypes per selected positive sample ranged from 2 to 12. Species-specific nested PCR detected T. denticola, T. socranskii, and T. maltophilum in 59 (66%), 33 (37%), and 26 (29%) of the 90 cases of primary endodontic infections, respectively. Clone library analysis revealed diverse Treponema species/phylotypes as part of the microbiota associated with asymptomatic and symptomatic (abscess) endodontic infections. Although several as-yet-uncultivated Treponema phylotypes were disclosed, including novel taxa, cultivable named species were more abundant and frequently detected.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Faculty of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rua Alfredo Baltazar da Silveira, 580/Cobertura, Recreio, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 22790-710. Phone: 55 21 8874-1022. Fax: 55 21 2503-7289. E-mail: siqueira{at}estacio.br

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 4 March 2009.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2009, p. 1352-1357, Vol. 47, No. 5
0095-1137/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.02016-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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