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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 2009, p. 2369-2376, Vol. 47, No. 8
0095-1137/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00223-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Sophie Octavia and Ruiting Lan*

School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia

Received 2 February 2009/ Returned for modification 17 April 2009/ Accepted 5 June 2009

Multilocus variable-number tandem repeats (VNTRs) are widely used as molecular markers to differentiate isolates of homogenous pathogenic clones. We explored the genomes of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi strains CT18 and Ty2 for potential VNTRs. Among the 43 potential VNTRs screened, 2 were found to be polymorphic. Together with seven polymorphic VNTRs from previous studies, they were used to type 73 global serovar Typhi isolates. A total of 70 multilocus VNTR analysis (MLVA) profiles were found, distinguishing all except three pairs of isolates into individual profiles. The discriminatory power was 0.999. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the MLVA profiles can be divided into seven clusters. However, except for the closely related isolates, the relationships derived were in conflict with those inferred from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing using 38 SNPs done previously. We concluded that MLVA can resolve the relationships only among closely related isolates. A combination of SNP typing and MLVA typing offers the best approach for local and global epidemiology and the evolutionary analysis of serovar Typhi. We suggest that seven of the nine most polymorphic VNTRs be used as a standardized typing scheme for epidemiological typing.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Phone: 61-2 9385 2095. Fax: 61-2 9385 1591. E-mail: r.lan{at}unsw.edu.au

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 17 June 2009.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jcm.asm.org/.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 2009, p. 2369-2376, Vol. 47, No. 8
0095-1137/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00223-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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