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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, January 1998, p. 139-147, Vol. 36, No. 1
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Differentiation of Phylogenetically Related Slowly
Growing Mycobacteria Based on 16S-23S rRNA Gene Internal Transcribed
Spacer Sequences
Andreas
Roth,1,*
Marga
Fischer,1
Mohamed E.
Hamid,1,2
Sabine
Michalke,1
Wolfgang
Ludwig,3 and
Harald
Mauch1
Institut für Mikrobiologie und
Immunologie, Krankenhaus Zehlendorf, 14109 Berlin,1 and
Institut für Botanik
und Mikrobiologie, Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische
Universität München, 80290 Munich,3
Germany, and
Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of
Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan2
Received 4 August 1997/Returned for modification 17 September
1997/Accepted 17 October 1997
Interspecific polymorphisms of the 16S rRNA gene (rDNA) are widely
used for species identification of mycobacteria. 16S rDNA sequences,
however, do not vary greatly within a species, and they are either
indistinguishable in some species, for example, in Mycobacterium
kansasii and M. gastri, or highly similar, for example, in M. malmoense and M. szulgai. We
determined 16S-23S rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of
60 strains in the genus Mycobacterium representing 13 species (M. avium, M. conspicuum, M. gastri, M. genavense, M. kansasii,
M. malmoense, M. marinum, M. shimoidei, M. simiae, M. szulgai,
M. triplex, M. ulcerans, and M. xenopi). An alignment of these sequences together with additional
sequences available in the EMBL database (for M. intracellulare, M. phlei, M. smegmatis,
and M. tuberculosis) was established according to primary-
and secondary-structure similarities. Comparative sequence analysis
applying different treeing methods grouped the strains into
species-specific clusters with low sequence divergence between strains
belonging to the same species (0 to 2%). The ITS-based tree topology
only partially correlated to that based on 16S rDNA, but the main
branching orders were preserved, notably, the division of fast-growing
from slowly growing mycobacteria, separate branching for M. simiae, M. genavense, and M. triplex, and
distinct branches for M. xenopi and M. shimoidei. Comparisons of M. gastri with M. kansasii and M. malmoense with M. szulgai
revealed ITS sequence similarities of 93 and 88%, respectively. M. marinum and M. ulcerans possessed identical
ITS sequences. Our results show that ITS sequencing represents a
supplement to 16S rRNA gene sequences for the differentiation of
closely related species. Slowly growing mycobacteria show a high
sequence variation in the ITS; this variation has the potential to be
used for the development of probes as a rapid approach to mycobacterial
identification.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut
für Mikrobiologie und Immunologie, Lungenklinik
Heckeshorn-Zehlendorf, Zum Heckeshorn 33, D 14109 Berlin, Germany.
Phone: 49-30-8002 2254. Fax: 49-30-8002 2299.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, January 1998, p. 139-147, Vol. 36, No. 1
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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