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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 1998, p. 1399-1403, Vol. 36, No. 5
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Molecular Epidemiology of Oral Treponemes Associated with Periodontal Disease

Annette Moter,1 Carina Hoenig,1 Bong-Kyu Choi,2 Birgit Riep,3 and Ulf B. Göbel1,*

Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene1 and Abteilung Parodontologie und Synoptische Zahnmedizin,3 Universitätsklinikum Charité, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, and Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea2

Received 14 October 1997/Returned for modification 4 December 1997/Accepted 6 January 1998

Periodontitis, a disease responsible for tooth loss worldwide, is characterized by chronic inflammation of the periodontium, eventually leading to destruction of periodontal ligaments and supporting alveolar bone. Spirochetes, identified by dark-field microscopy as being the most predominant bacteria in advanced lesions, are thought to play a causative role. Various spirochetal morphotypes were observed, but most of these morphotypes are as yet uncultivable. To assess the role of these organisms we designed oligonucleotide probes for the identification of both cultivable and so far uncultivable spirochetes in periodontitis patients. Subgingival plaque specimens taken from diseased sites (n = 200) and healthy control sites (n = 44) from 53 patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP) were submitted to direct in situ hybridization or dot blot hybridization after prior amplification with eubacterial primers. Spirochetes were found in all patients, but their distributions varied considerably. Parallel use of oligonucleotide probes specific for cultivable or so far uncultivable treponemes suggested the presence of novel yet unknown organisms at a high frequency. These uncultivable treponemes were visualized by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and their morphologies, sizes, and numbers could be estimated. All RPP patients included in this study harbored oral treponemes that represent either novel species, e.g., Treponema maltophilum, or uncultivable phylotypes. Therefore, it is necessary to include these organisms in etiologic considerations and to strengthen efforts to cultivate these as yet uncultivable treponemes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Universitätsklinikum Charité, Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Dorotheen-Str. 96, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. Phone: 49 30 2093 4715. Fax: 49 30 2292 741. E-mail: goebel{at}rz.charite.hu-berlin.de.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 1998, p. 1399-1403, Vol. 36, No. 5
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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