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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, June 1998, p. 1772-1776, Vol. 36, No. 6
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Invasive Infection with Fusarium chlamydosporum in a Patient with Aplastic Anemia

Brahm H. Segal,1,* Thomas J. Walsh,2 Johnson M. Liu,3 Jon D. Wilson,4 and Kyung J. Kwon-Chung5

Laboratory of Host Defenses1 and Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation,5 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Immunocompromised Host Section, Pediatric Branch,2 and Laboratory of Pathology,4 National Cancer Institute, and Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute,3 National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

Received 13 January 1998/Returned for modification 11 February 1998/Accepted 9 March 1998

We report the first case of invasive disease caused by Fusarium chlamydosporum. The patient had aplastic anemia with prolonged neutropenia and was treated with immunosuppressive therapy. While she was receiving empirical amphotericin B, a dark crusted lesion developed on her nasal turbinate. Histologic analysis revealed invasive hyaline hyphae and some darkly pigmented structures that resembled conidia of dematiaceous molds. Only after the mold was grown in culture were characteristic colonial morphology, phialides, conidia, and chlamydospores evident, thus permitting the identification of F. chlamydosporum. This case illustrates the ever-increasing spectrum of pathogenic Fusarium spp. in immunocompromised patients and emphasizes the potential pitfalls in histologic diagnosis, which may have important treatment implications.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 11N103, Bethesda, MD 20892. Phone: (301) 480-1705. Fax: (301) 402-4369. E-mail: bsegal{at}atlas.niaid.nih.gov.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, June 1998, p. 1772-1776, Vol. 36, No. 6
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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