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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, July 1998, p. 1877-1881, Vol. 36, No. 7
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Use of Monoclonal Antibodies To Identify Serotypes of Enterovirus Isolates

Alma S. Rigonan,1 Linda Mann,1,2 and Tasnee Chonmaitree1,2,3,*

Department of Pediatrics,1 Division of Infectious Diseases,3 and Department of Pathology,2 University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas 77555-0371

Received 6 January 1998/Returned for modification 26 February 1998/Accepted 30 March 1998

Nonpoliovirus enteroviruses cause a variety of diseases that are common in young children and adults. The "gold standard" for laboratory diagnosis of enteroviruses is cell culture isolation, followed by serotype identification by neutralization assay. These procedures are time-consuming and expensive. Rapid serotype identification of enteroviruses is important in differentiating nonpoliovirus enterovirus pathogens from vaccine strain polioviruses that can be shed for some time after vaccination. In the present investigation, we evaluated a rapid method for serotype identification of enteroviruses by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using commercially available monoclonal antibodies for polioviruses, coxsackieviruses type B, and six serotypes of commonly circulating echoviruses. Of 291 isolates of enteroviruses included in the study, 95 were polioviruses and 196 were nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. Two hundred thirty-four of these (38 polioviruses and 196 nonpoliovirus enteroviruses) were consecutively grown in the laboratory over a 5-year period. IFA identified the serotypes of 74% of the consecutive isolates and 71% of all enterovirus isolates by yielding a positive staining result. The levels of agreement in the identification of the enterovirus group between IFA and neutralization tests were 92% for consecutively grown isolates and 85% for all enterovirus isolates. The sensitivity of the IFA for the detection of viruses for which specific monoclonal antibodies were applied was 73% for polioviruses, 85% for coxsackieviruses type B, and 94% for echoviruses. Specificity was near 100% for polioviruses and coxsackieviruses type B and 94% for echoviruses. We conclude that IFA can be helpful as a preliminary test for serotype identification of enteroviruses. The results are most accurate when the test identifies the isolate as a poliovirus.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Children's Hospital, 9th St. at Market, Galveston, TX 77555-0371. Phone: (409) 772-2798. Fax: (409) 747-1753. E-mail: tchonmai{at}UTMB.edu.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, July 1998, p. 1877-1881, Vol. 36, No. 7
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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