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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, September 1998, p. 2634-2639, Vol. 36, No. 9
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Typing of Dengue Viruses in Clinical Specimens and Mosquitoes by
Single-Tube Multiplex Reverse Transcriptase PCR
Eva
Harris,1,*
T. Guy
Roberts,1
Leila
Smith,1
John
Selle,1
Laura D.
Kramer,2
Sonia
Valle,3
Erick
Sandoval,3 and
Angel
Balmaseda3
Program in Molecular Pathogenesis, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
94143-04221;
Center for Vector-Borne
Disease Research, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
956162; and
Centro Nacional de
Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministerio de Salud, Managua,
Nicaragua3
Received 17 February 1998/Returned for modification 15 May
1998/Accepted 8 June 1998
In recent years, dengue viruses (serotypes 1 to 4) have spread
throughout tropical regions worldwide. In many places, multiple dengue
virus serotypes are circulating concurrently, which may increase the
risk for the more severe form of the disease, dengue hemorrhagic fever.
For the control and prevention of dengue fever, it is important to
rapidly detect and type the virus in clinical samples and mosquitoes.
Assays based on reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR (RT-PCR) amplification
of dengue viral RNA can offer a rapid, sensitive, and specific approach
to the typing of dengue viruses. We have reduced a two-step nested
RT-PCR protocol to a single-tube reaction with sensitivity equivalent
to that of the two-step protocol (1 to 50 PFU) in order to maximize
simplicity and minimize the risk of sample cross-contamination. This
assay was also optimized for use with a thermostable RT-polymerase. We
designed a plasmid-based internal control that produces a uniquely sized product and can be used to control for both reverse transcription or amplification steps without the risk of generating false-positive results. This single-tube RT-PCR procedure was used to type dengue viruses during the 1995 and 1997-1998 outbreaks in Nicaragua. In
addition, an extraction procedure that permits the sensitive detection
of viral RNA in pools of up to 50 mosquitoes without PCR inhibition or
RNA degradation was developed. This assay should serve as a practical
tool for use in countries where dengue fever is endemic, in conjunction
with classical methods for surveillance and epidemiology of dengue
viruses.
*
Corresponding author. Present address: Division of
Public Health Biology and Epidemiology, School of Public Health,
University of California, Berkeley, 140 Warren Hall, Berkeley, CA
94720. Phone: (510) 643-9773. Fax: (510) 642-6350. E-mail:
eharris{at}uclink4.berkeley.edu.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, September 1998, p. 2634-2639, Vol. 36, No. 9
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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