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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, February 1999, p. 367-370, Vol. 37, No. 2
0095-1137/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of a Rapid Immunochromatographic Test for Detection of Antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Hiroyasu Arai,1,* Bencha Petchclai,2 Kalayanee Khupulsup,2 Takashi Kurimura,3 and Katsumichi Takeda1

Research and Development Department, Dainabot Co., Ltd., Chiba,1 and Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka,3 Japan, and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand2

Received 20 January 1998/Returned for modification 4 April 1998/Accepted 12 November 1998

A new immunochromatographic rapid test, Determine HIV-1/2, for the detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 in human whole blood, serum, and plasma was evaluated. Determine HIV-1/2 is a sandwich immunoassay and uses a nitrocellulose strip with a capture site for the patient's results and a procedural control site to confirm the validity of the assay. The results can be read visually, and a positive result is indicated by the formation of a red line within 15 min after sample application. The test showed 100% sensitivity for HIV-1 with 102 whole-blood, 152 serum, and 144 plasma samples obtained from Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. The sensitivity of the test for HIV-2 was 100% with 100 serum or plasma samples obtained from Ivory Coast. The sensitivity of the test with 4 anti-HIV-1 seroconversion panels from Boston Biomedica Inc. was equivalent to or better than those of another agglutination assay with serum or plasma and the enzyme immunoassay licensed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The specificity was 100% with 367 sets of whole-blood, serum, and plasma samples from Ramathibodi Hospital. This method had an analytical sensitivity for the detection of HIV-1 equivalent to or better than that of another agglutination assay with serum or plasma. This test had an analytical sensitivity for the detection of HIV-1 better than that of another immunochromatographic test with whole blood. This evaluation demonstrated the excellent performance of this immunochromatographic test with EDTA-anticoagulated whole-blood, serum, and plasma samples. We conclude that this test is suitable for use in emerging countries and is an excellent alternative to HIV antibody testing at remote sites, as well as in traditional laboratories.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Research and Development, Dainabot Co., Ltd., 344 Minoridai, Matsudo, Chiba 271, Japan. Phone: 81-47-362-4335. Fax: 81-47-363-5145. E-mail: Hiroyasu.Arai{at}Abbott.com.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, February 1999, p. 367-370, Vol. 37, No. 2
0095-1137/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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