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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, February 2000, p. 492-498, Vol. 38, No. 2
0095-1137/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Genetic Heterogeneities and Phenotypic Characteristics of Strains of the Genus Abiotrophia and Proposal of Abiotrophia para-adiacens sp. nov.

Taisei Kanamoto,* Setsuko Sato, and Masakazu Inoue

Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan

Received 9 August 1999/Returned for modification 22 September 1999/Accepted 24 October 1999

The genus Abiotrophia represents a heterogeneous group of fastidious cocci that show a dependence on pyridoxal hydrochloride analogs for growth. The genetic heterogeneity in the genus Abiotrophia was examined by DNA-DNA hybridization, PCR assay of genomic DNA sequences, and restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence homology analyses of the PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene. Nine type or reference strains of Abiotrophia defectiva, Abiotrophia adiacens, and Abiotrophia elegans and 36 oral Abiotrophia isolates including the ones presumptively identified as Gemella morbillorum by the rapid ID32 STREP system were divided into four groups: A. defectiva (genotype 1), A. adiacens (genotype 2), A. elegans (genotype 4), and a fourth species (genotype 3) which we propose be named Abiotrophia para-adiacens sp. nov. A PCR assay specific for detection and identification of the novel Abiotrophia species was developed. A. para-adiacens generally produced beta -glucosidase but did not produce alpha - or beta -galactosidase or arginine dihydrolase, did not ferment, trehalose, pullulan, or tagatose, and was serotype IV, V, or VI. Thus, it was distinguished phenotypically from A. adiacens, A. elegans, and A. defectiva as well as, apparently, from the recently described species Abiotrophia balaenopterae sp. nov., which produces arginine dihydrolase and which ferments pullulan but not sucrose (P. A. Lawson et al., Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 49:503-506, 1999). Strain ATCC 27527, currently listed as G. morbillorum, was a member of the species A. para-adiacens.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kagoshima University Dental School, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan. Phone: 81-99-275-6152. Fax: 81-99-275-6158. E-mail: kana{at}dentb.hal.kagoshima-u.ac.jp.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, February 2000, p. 492-498, Vol. 38, No. 2
0095-1137/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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