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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, February 2000, p. 639-642, Vol. 38, No. 2
0095-1137/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Serologic Testing for Trypanosoma cruzi: Comparison of Radioimmunoprecipitation Assay with Commercially Available Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay, Indirect Hemagglutination Assay, and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits

David A. Leiby,1,* Silvano Wendel,2 Deise T. Takaoka,2 Roberta M. Fachini,2 Lea C. Oliveira,2 and Melinda A. Tibbals1

Transmissible Diseases Department, American Red Cross, Rockville, Maryland,1 and Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil2

Received 21 June 1999/Returned for modification 1 September 1999/Accepted 22 November 1999

The radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) has been used as a confirmatory test in several ongoing and published studies of Trypanosoma cruzi in blood donors in the United States. Despite its use as a confirmatory test, few studies are available comparing RIPA to commercially available serologic test methods. Thus, we compared RIPA with two indirect hemagglutination assays (Biolab Diagnostica SA, São Paulo, Brazil; Hemagen Diagnostics, Inc., Waltham, Mass.) and four different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Ill.; Embrabio, São Paulo, Brazil; Organon Teknika, São Paulo, Brazil; and Gull Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah) using a panel of 220 serum specimens from Brazilian blood donors with a range of T. cruzi antibody titers as determined by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). A titer of 1:20 was used as the baseline for seropositivity. All IFA-negative serum specimens (n = 19) were nonreactive on all tests. At a titer of 1:20 (n = 9), reactivity rates varied considerably among the tests, with only the RIPA and the Organon and Gull assays identifying reactive specimens. For specimens at a 1:40 titer (n = 35), most assays identified at least 32 of 35 (91%) specimens as reactive, but the Biolab assay only identified 24 (69%). At higher titers (1:80, n = 56; 1:160, n = 101) the assays were comparable, with the exception of the Biolab assay, demonstrating rates of agreement with IFA of >= 98%. Overall, when compared with several other test formats, RIPA demonstrated equivalent or superior rates of agreement with IFA-positive specimens across all titers examined. In particular, at titers of >1:40, the RIPA compared favorably with other test methods currently in use, supporting its application as a confirmatory test, particularly in a research setting.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Transmissible Diseases, American Red Cross, 15601 Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville, MD 20855. Phone: (301) 738-0608. Fax: (301) 738-0495. E-mail: leibyd{at}usa.redcross.org.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, February 2000, p. 639-642, Vol. 38, No. 2
0095-1137/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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