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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, June 2000, p. 2344-2347, Vol. 38, No. 6
0095-1137/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Diagnosis of Invasive Amebiasis by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay of Saliva To Detect Amebic Lectin Antigen and Anti-Lectin Immunoglobulin G Antibodies

Mohamed D. Abd-Alla,1 Terry F. H. G. Jackson,2,3 Selvan Reddy,2,3 and Jonathan I. Ravdin4,*

El-Hussein University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt1; Medical Research Council (Nat)(al)2 and University of Natal School of Medicine,3 Durban, South Africa; and Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota4

Received 28 December 1999/Returned for modification 21 January 2000/Accepted 22 March 2000

Saliva from subjects with amebic liver abscess (ALA), acute amebic colitis, asymptomatic infection with Entamoeba histolytica or Entamoeba dispar, and uninfected controls was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the presence of E. histolytica galactose-inhibitable lectin antigen and salivary immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies to a recombinant cysteine-rich lectin-derived protein (LC3). Salivary lectin antigen was found in 65.8% of subjects with acute colitis, compared to 22.2% of those convalescent from ALA, 10.0% with asymptomatic E. histolytica infection, 9.8% with E. dispar infection, and 2.6% of controls (subjects from the United States and study patients with nonamebic diarrhea) (P < 0.001 for each compared to values for subjects with colitis). Salivary anti-LC3 IgG antibodies were found in 92% of ALA patients regardless of duration of illness and in 83.3% of colitis patients who were symptomatic for at least 7 days (P < 0.001 compared to other study groups). Serum anti-LC3 IgG antibodies were detected in 56.3% of subjects with acute colitis, 100% of subjects with ALA or prolonged colitis, 45% of subjects with asymptomatic E. histolytica infection, 32.3% of subjects with E. dispar infection, and 23.4% of diarrhea controls. In comparison to ELISA for serum anti-LC3 IgG antibodies, the salivary lectin antigen assay is a more sensitive and specific test for acute amebic colitis. Detection of salivary anti-LC3 IgG antibodies by ELISA is an effective means for the diagnosis of ALA and prolonged cases of amebic colitis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455. Phone: (612) 625-4162. Fax: (612) 625-3055. E-mail: ravdi001{at}tc.umn.edu.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, June 2000, p. 2344-2347, Vol. 38, No. 6
0095-1137/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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