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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, January 2001, p. 14-23, Vol. 39, No. 1
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.1.14-23.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Multilocus Sequence Typing System for Campylobacter jejuni

K. E. Dingle,1 F. M. Colles,1 D. R. A. Wareing,2 R. Ure,2 A. J. Fox,3 F. E. Bolton,2 H. J. Bootsma,4,dagger R. J. L. Willems,4 R. Urwin,1 and M. C. J. Maiden1,*

Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3FY,1 The Public Health Laboratory, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston PR2 9HG,2 and The Public Health Laboratory, Withington Hospital, Manchester M20 8LR,3 United Kingdom, and Research Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands4

Received 20 June 2000/Returned for modification 4 September 2000/Accepted 16 October 2000

The gram-negative bacterium Campylobacter jejuni has extensive reservoirs in livestock and the environment and is a frequent cause of gastroenteritis in humans. To date, the lack of (i) methods suitable for population genetic analysis and (ii) a universally accepted nomenclature has hindered studies of the epidemiology and population biology of this organism. Here, a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) system for this organism is described, which exploits the genetic variation present in seven housekeeping loci to determine the genetic relationships among isolates. The MLST system was established using 194 C. jejuni isolates of diverse origins, from humans, animals, and the environment. The allelic profiles, or sequence types (STs), of these isolates were deposited on the Internet (http://mlst.zoo.ox.ac.uk), forming a virtual isolate collection which could be continually expanded. These data indicated that C. jejuni is genetically diverse, with a weakly clonal population structure, and that intra- and interspecies horizontal genetic exchange was common. Of the 155 STs observed, 51 (26% of the isolate collection) were unique, with the remainder of the collection being categorized into 11 lineages or clonal complexes of related STs with between 2 and 56 members. In some cases membership in a given lineage or ST correlated with the possession of a particular Penner HS serotype. Application of this approach to further isolate collections will enable an integrated global picture of C. jejuni epidemiology to be established and will permit more detailed studies of the population genetics of this organism.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3FY, United Kingdom. Phone: [44] (1865) 271284. Fax: [44] (1865) 271284. E-mail: martin.maiden{at}zoo.ox.ac.uk.

dagger Present address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1747.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, January 2001, p. 14-23, Vol. 39, No. 1
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.1.14-23.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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  • Helgason, E., Tourasse, N. J., Meisal, R., Caugant, D. A., Kolsto, A.-B. (2004). Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Bacteria of the Bacillus cereus Group. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70: 191-201 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hopkins, K. L., Desai, M., Frost, J. A., Stanley, J., Logan, J. M. J. (2004). Fluorescent Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Genotyping of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Strains and Its Relationship with Host Specificity, Serotyping, and Phage Typing. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42: 229-235 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
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  • Wang, X.-M., Noble, L., Kreiswirth, B. N., Eisner, W., McClements, W., Jansen, K. U., Anderson, A. S. (2003). Evaluation of a multilocus sequence typing system for Staphylococcus epidermidis. J Med Microbiol 52: 989-998 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
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