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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2001, p. 1819-1826, Vol. 39, No. 5
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.5.1819-1826.2001

Assignment of CDC Weak Oxidizer Group 2 (WO-2) to the Genus Pandoraea and Characterization of Three New Pandoraea Genomospecies

Maryam I. Daneshvar,1,* Dannie G. Hollis,1 Arnold G. Steigerwalt,1 Anne M. Whitney,1 Laura Spangler,1 Michael P. Douglas,1 Jean G. Jordan,1 John P. MacGregor,1 Bertha C. Hill,2 Fred C. Tenover,2 Don J. Brenner,1 and Robbin S. Weyant1

Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases1 and Hospital Infections Program,2 National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333

Received 25 August 2000/Returned for modification 14 November 2000/Accepted 22 February 2001

CDC weak oxidizer group 2 (WO-2) consists of nine phenotypically similar human clinical isolates received by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between 1989 and 1998. Four of the isolates were from blood, three were from sputum, and one each was from bronchial fluid and maxillary sinus. All are aerobic nonfermentative, motile gram-negative rods with one to eight polar flagella per cell. All grew at 25 and 35°C and were positive for catalase, urease (usually delayed 3 to 7 days), citrate, alkalinization of litmus milk, oxidization of glycerol (weakly), and growth on MacConkey agar and in nutrient broth without NaCl. All except one strain were oxidase positive with the Kovács method, and all except one isolate weakly oxidized D-glucose. All were negative for oxidation of D-xylose, D-mannitol, lactose, sucrose, maltose, and 20 other carbohydrates, esculin hydrolysis, indole production, arginine dihydrolase, and lysine and ornithine decarboxylase. Only two of nine isolates reduced nitrate. Broth microdilution susceptibilities were determined for all strains against 13 antimicrobial agents. Most of the strains were resistant to ampicillin, extended-spectrum cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides, including gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin, but they varied in their susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. High-performance liquid chromatographic and mass spectrometric analyses of the WO-2 group identified ubiquinone-8 as the major quinone component. The percent G+C of the WO-2 strains ranged from 65.2 to 70.7% (thermal denaturation method). All shared a common cellular fatty acid (CFA) profile, which was characterized by relatively large amounts (7 to 22%) of 16:1omega 7c, 16:0, 17:0cyc, 18:1omega 7c, and 19:0cyc11-12; small amounts (1 to 3%) of 12:0 and 14:0; and eight hydroxy acids, 2-OH-12:0 (4%), 2-OH-14:0 (trace), 3-OH-14:0 (12%), 2-OH-16:1 (1%), 2-OH-16:0 (3%), 3-OH-16:0 (4%), 2-OH-18:1 (2%), and 2-OH-19:0cyc (3%). This profile is similar to the CFA profile of Pandoraea, a recently described genus associated with respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients (T. Coenye et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 50:887-899, 2000). Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (1,300 bp) for all nine strains indicated a high level (>= 98.8%) of homogeneity with Pandoraea spp. type strains. DNA-DNA hybridization analysis (hydroxyapatite method; 70°C) confirmed the identity of WO-2 with the genus Pandoraea and assigned three strains to Pandoraea apista and three to Pandoraea pnomenusa, and identified three additional new genomospecies containing one strain each (ATCC BAA-108, ATCC BAA-109, ATCC BAA-110). This study also shows that Pandoraea isolates may be encountered in blood cultures from patients without cystic fibrosis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Mailstop D11, Atlanta, GA 30333. Phone: (404) 639-3643. Fax: (404) 639-4421. E-mail: MDaneshvar{at}CDC.GOV.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2001, p. 1819-1826, Vol. 39, No. 5
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.5.1819-1826.2001


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