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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 2004, p. 3532-3537, Vol. 42, No. 8
0095-1137/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.42.8.3532-3537.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Genetic Variability of the G Glycoprotein Gene of Human Metapneumovirus

Nathalie Bastien, Li Liu, Diane Ward, Tracy Taylor, and Yan Li*

National Microbiology Laboratory, Canadian Science Center for Human and Animal Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 3R2

Received 4 March 2004/ Returned for modification 2 April 2004/ Accepted 28 April 2004

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) has been associated with respiratory illnesses like those caused by human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) infection. Similar to other pneumoviruses, genetic diversity has been reported for hMPV. Little information is currently available on the genetic variability of the G glycoprotein (G), which is the most variable gene in RSV and avian pneumovirus. The complete nucleotide sequences of the G open reading frame (ORF) of 24 Canadian hMPV isolates were determined. Phylogenetic analysis showed the existence of two major groups or clusters (1 and 2). All but one of the hMPV isolates that we examined belonged to cluster 1. Additional genetic variability was observed in cluster 1, which separated into two genetic subclusters. Within cluster 1 the nucleotide sequence identity for the G ORF was 74.2 to 100%, and the identity for the predicted amino acid sequence was 61.4 to 100%. The G genes of cluster 1 isolates were more divergent from the cluster 2 isolates, with 45.6 to 50.5% and 34.2 to 37.2% identity levels for the nucleotide and amino acid sequences, respectively. Sequence analysis also revealed changes in stop codon usage, resulting in G proteins of different lengths (217, 219, 228, and 236 residues). Western blot analysis with the use of hMPV-specific polyclonal antisera to each hMPV cluster showed significant antigenic divergence between the G proteins of clusters 1 and 2. These results suggest that the G protein of hMPV is continuously evolving and that the genetic diversity observed for the hMPV genes is reflected in the antigenic variability, similar to HRSV.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: National Microbiology Laboratory, Canadian Science Center for Human and Animal Health, 1015 Arlington St., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 3R2. Phone: (204) 789-6045. Fax: (204) 789-2082. E-mail: yan_li{at}hc-sc.gc.ca.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 2004, p. 3532-3537, Vol. 42, No. 8
0095-1137/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.42.8.3532-3537.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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