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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, July 2005, p. 3203-3207, Vol. 43, No. 7
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.7.3203-3207.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Frequent Carriage of Panton-Valentine Leucocidin Genes by Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Surgically Drained Abscesses

Bertrand Issartel,1 Anne Tristan,2 Sylvain Lechevallier,3 Franck Bruyère,4 Gerard Lina,2 Benoît Garin,3 Flore Lacassin,1 Michèle Bes,2 François Vandenesch,2 and Jerome Etienne2*

Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious and Tropical Diseases, C.H.T Gaston Bourret, Nouméa, Nouvelle Calédonie, France,1 National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, INSERM E0230, IFR62, Lyon, France,2 Pasteur Institute de Nouvelle Calédonie, Nouméa, Nouvelle Calédonie, France,3 Department of General Surgery, C.H.T Gaston Bourret, Nouméa, Nouvelle Calédonie, France4

Received 21 December 2004/ Returned for modification 3 February 2005/ Accepted 21 March 2005

Between 1 February and 15 April 2002, 95 patients were admitted to Gaston Bourret Territorial Hospital (New Caledonia, France) for drainage of community-acquired soft tissue abscesses. Staphylococcus aureus was detected in 68 cases (72%). Two-thirds of the patients with S. aureus infection had furuncles, which were located on the limbs in 82% of cases. The median interval between symptom onset and hospital admission was 5.7 days. Three-quarters of the patients were Melanesians living in tribes. Fifty-four S. aureus isolates were screened for toxin genes. Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) genes were detected in 48 isolates (89%), the exfoliative toxin A gene was detected in 1 isolate, and no toxin genes were detected in 4 isolates. S. aureus nasal carriage was detected in 39.7% of patients with S. aureus infections. Two infecting S. aureus strains and two nasal carriage strains were resistant to methicillin. Comparative pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, performed in 16 cases, showed that five of six patients with PVL-positive nasal carriage strains were infected by the same strains. In contrast, 8 of 10 patients with PVL-negative nasal carriage strains were infected by PVL-positive strains. PVL genes thus appear to be a major virulence factor in both primary and secondary S. aureus skin infections.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, INSERM E0230, 7 rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France. Phone: 33 478 77 86 57. Fax: 33 478 77 86 58. E-mail: jetienne{at}univ-lyon1.fr.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, July 2005, p. 3203-3207, Vol. 43, No. 7
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.7.3203-3207.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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