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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 2005, p. 4175-4177, Vol. 43, No. 8
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.8.4175-4177.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Reduced Rate of Diagnostic Positive Detection of JC Virus DNA in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Cases of Suspected Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in the Era of Potent Antiretroviral Therapy

Angela Marzocchetti,* Simona Di Giambenedetto, Antonella Cingolani, Adriana Ammassari, Roberto Cauda, and Andrea De Luca

Istituto di Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

Received 1 July 2004/ Returned for modification 20 September 2004/ Accepted 22 April 2005

Fifty-nine human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with suspected progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and 224 controls were tested for JC virus (JCV) DNA in cerebrospinal fluid by PCR. The diagnostic positive detection rate dropped from 89.5% (95% confidence intervals of 75.5 to 103.5%) in the pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era to 57.5% (95% confidence intervals of 42.1 to 72.9%) in the HAART era; the specificity remained unchanged. Predictors of failure to detect JCV DNA were exposure to HAART at disease onset and higher CD4 counts.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Istituto di Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy. Phone: 39-0630155366. Fax: 39-063054519. E-mail: angela.marzocchetti{at}tin.it.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 2005, p. 4175-4177, Vol. 43, No. 8
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.8.4175-4177.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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