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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, February 2006, p. 468-473, Vol. 44, No. 2
0095-1137/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.44.2.468-473.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Molecular Epidemiology of Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis in French Guiana

Brice Rotureau,1 Christophe Ravel,2 Mathieu Nacher,1 Pierre Couppié,1,3 Isabelle Curtet,4 Jean-Pierre Dedet,2 and Bernard Carme1*

Laboratoire Hospitalo-universitaire de Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicale, Equipe EA 3593, UFR de Médecine de l'Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Cayenne, Guyane Française,1 Laboratoire de Parasitologie Mycologie, Centre National de Référence des Leishmania, UMR 5093 CNRS and Université de Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France,2 Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, Guyane Française,3 Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales de Montjoly, Remire-Montjoly, Guyane Française4

Received 17 September 2005/ Returned for modification 22 November 2005/ Accepted 1 December 2005

Little information is available about the genetic variability of Leishmania populations and the possible correlations with ecoepidemiological features of leishmaniases. The present study was carried out in French Guiana, a country where cutaneous leishmaniases (CL) are endemic over the whole territory. The genetic polymorphism of a nuclear sequence encompassing the end of the ribosomal small subunit and the internal transcribed spacer 1 of 265 isolates from patients with CL was examined by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Genotypes based on the fingerprinting phenetic integration were compared to epidemiological, clinical, and geographical data. In agreement with previous reports, five different Leishmania species were identified, but Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis represented 95.8% of the samples. Two distinct L. (V.) guyanensis populations were found to originate in two ecologically characterized regions. Higher lesional parasite densities and the need for additional treatments were significantly linked to genotype group I. Parasites of genotype group II were more likely to cause chronic and disseminated cutaneous forms in patients. L. (V.) guyanensis was previously said not to be very polymorphic; however, the present analysis resulted in a significant degree of discrimination among L. (V.) guyanensis isolates from diverse ecological areas and with different clinical implications.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratoire Hospitalo-universitaire de Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicale, Equipe EA 3593, UFR de Médecine de l'Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Campus Saint-Denis, BP 718, 97336 Cayenne, Guyane Française. Phone: 33 594 28 72 60. Fax: 33 594 28 72 63. E-mail: ufrmedag2{at}wanadoo.fr.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, February 2006, p. 468-473, Vol. 44, No. 2
0095-1137/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.44.2.468-473.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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