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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2007, p. 3366-3376, Vol. 45, No. 10
0095-1137/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00037-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains of Avian and Human Origin: Link between Phylogenetic Relationships and Common Virulence Patterns{triangledown}

Maryvonne Moulin-Schouleur,1* Maryline Répérant,1 Sylvie Laurent,1 Annie Brée,1 Sandrine Mignon-Grasteau,2 Pierre Germon,1 Denis Rasschaert,1 and Catherine Schouler1

INRA, Centre de Tours, UR1282—Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique,1 INRA, Centre de Tours, UR83—Recherches Avicoles, 37380, Nouzilly, France2

Received 5 January 2007/ Returned for modification 5 March 2007/ Accepted 16 July 2007

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) strains of human and avian origin show similarities that suggest that the avian strains potentially have zoonotic properties. However, the phylogenetic relationships between avian and human ExPEC strains are poorly documented, so this possibility is difficult to assess. We used PCR-based phylotyping and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to determine the phylogenetic relationships between 39 avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) strains of serogroups O1, O2, O18, and O78 and 51 human ExPEC strains. We also compared the virulence genotype and pathogenicity for chickens of APEC strains and human ExPEC strains. Twenty-eight of the 30 APEC strains of serogroups O1, O2, and O18 were classified by MLST into the same subcluster (B2-1) of phylogenetic group B2, whereas the 9 APEC strains of serogroup O78 were in phylogenetic groups D (3 strains) and B1 (6 strains). Human ExPEC strains were closely related to APEC strains in each of these three subclusters. The 28 avian and 25 human strains belonging to phylogenetic subcluster B2-1 all expressed the K1 antigen and presented no significant differences concerning the presence of other virulence factors. Moreover, human strains of this phylogenetic subcluster were highly virulent for chicks, so no host specificity was identified. Thus, APEC strains of serotypes O1:K1, O2:K1, and O18:K1 belong to the same highly pathogenic clonal group as human E. coli strains of the same serotypes isolated from cases of neonatal meningitis, urinary tract infections, and septicemia. These APEC strains constitute a potential zoonotic risk.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: INRA, Centre de Tours, UR1282—Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique, 37380 Nouzilly, France. Phone: (33) 2 47 42 77 63. Fax: (33) 2 47 42 77 74. E-mail: dhomouli{at}langeais.tours.inra.fr

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 25 July 2007.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2007, p. 3366-3376, Vol. 45, No. 10
0095-1137/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00037-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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