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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, September 2007, p. 2847-2852, Vol. 45, No. 9
0095-1137/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00289-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Comparison of Four Methods Using Throat Swabs To Confirm Rubella Virus Infection{triangledown}

Zhen Zhu,1,2 Wenbo Xu,1 Emily S. Abernathy,3 Min-Hsin Chen,3 Qi Zheng,3 Tongzhan Wang,4 Zhenying Zhang,5 Congyong Li,5 Changyin Wang,4 Weikuan He,6 Shujie Zhou,6 and Joseph Icenogle3*

National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, People's Republic of China,1 Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China,2 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,3 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China,4 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China,5 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China6

Received 5 February 2007/ Returned for modification 29 March 2007/ Accepted 14 June 2007

Laboratory tests are essential for confirming sporadic cases and outbreaks of rubella. Detection of rubella virus is often necessary to confirm rubella cases and to identify specimens to be used to characterize wild-type rubella viruses. The sensitivities of four methods for detecting rubella virus infection using throat swabs, which had been collected in Henan and Anhui provinces in China, were evaluated. The methods used were reverse transcription (RT)-PCR followed by Southern hybridization using RNA extracted directly from clinical specimens, virus growth in tissue culture followed by virus detection by RT-PCR, low-background immunofluorescence in infected tissue culture cells using monoclonal antibodies to the structural proteins of rubella virus, and a replicon-based method of detecting infectious virus. Among these four methods, direct RT-PCR followed by hybridization was the most sensitive method; the replicon-based method was the least difficult to perform.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mail Stop C-22, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333. Phone: (404) 639-4557. Fax: (404) 639-4187. E-mail: jci1{at}cdc.gov

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 27 June 2007.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, September 2007, p. 2847-2852, Vol. 45, No. 9
0095-1137/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00289-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Zhu, Z., Zhang, Y., Xu, S., Yu, P., Tian, X., Wang, L., Liu, Z., Tang, L., Mao, N., Ji, Y., Li, C., Yang, Z., Wang, S., Wang, J., Li, D., Xu, W. (2009). Outbreak of Acute Respiratory Disease in China Caused by B2 Species of Adenovirus Type 11. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47: 697-703 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Abernathy, E., Cabezas, C., Sun, H., Zheng, Q., Chen, M.-h., Castillo-Solorzano, C., Ortiz, A. C., Osores, F., Oliveira, L., Whittembury, A., Andrus, J. K., Helfand, R. F., Icenogle, J. (2009). Confirmation of Rubella within 4 Days of Rash Onset: Comparison of Rubella Virus RNA Detection in Oral Fluid with Immunoglobulin M Detection in Serum or Oral Fluid. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47: 182-188 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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