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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, January 2008, p. 171-176, Vol. 46, No. 1
0095-1137/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00877-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Up-Converting Phosphor Technology-Based Lateral Flow Assay for Detection of Schistosoma Circulating Anodic Antigen in Serum{triangledown}

Paul L. A. M. Corstjens,1* Lisette van Lieshout,2 Michel Zuiderwijk,1 Dieuwke Kornelis,2 Hans J. Tanke,1 Andre M. Deelder,2 and Govert J. van Dam2

Department of Molecular Cell Biology,1 Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands2

Received 26 April 2007/ Returned for modification 8 August 2007/ Accepted 10 October 2007

Schistosoma sp. circular anodic antigen (CAA) serum concentrations reflect actual worm burden in a patient and are a valuable tool for population screening and epidemiological research. However, for the diagnosis of individual imported schistosomiasis cases, the current enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) lacks sensitivity and robustness. Therefore, a lateral flow (LF) assay was developed to test CAA in serum for individual diagnosis of imported active schistosome infections. Application of fluorescent submicron-sized up-converting phosphor technology (UPT) reporter particles increased analytical sensitivity compared to that of the standard ELISA method. Evaluation of the UPT-LF test with a selection of 40 characterized epidemiologic samples indicated a good correlation between signal intensity and infection intensity. Subsequently, the UPT-LF assay was applied to 166 serum samples of Dutch residents (immigrants and travelers) suspected of schistosomiasis, a case in which group routine antibody detection frequently fails straightforward diagnosis. The UPT-LF assay identified 36 CAA-positive samples, compared to 15 detected by CAA-ELISA. In conclusion, the UPT-LF assay is a low-complexity test with higher sensitivity than the CAA-ELISA, well suited for laboratory diagnosis of individual active Schistosoma infections.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Bldg. 2, S-01-030, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. Phone: 31-71-5269209. Fax: 31-71-5268270. E-mail: Corstjens{at}LUMC.NL

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 17 October 2007.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, January 2008, p. 171-176, Vol. 46, No. 1
0095-1137/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00877-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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