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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, November 2008, p. 3576-3584, Vol. 46, No. 11
0095-1137/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00414-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Genotype in Russia: in Search of Informative Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Loci{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Igor Mokrousov,1* Olga Narvskaya,1 Anna Vyazovaya,1 Julie Millet,2 Tatiana Otten,3 Boris Vishnevsky,3 and Nalin Rastogi2*

Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia,1 Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Abymes 97183, Guadeloupe,2 Laboratory of Microbiology of Tuberculosis, The Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 193036 St. Petersburg, Russia3

Received 29 February 2008/ Returned for modification 28 May 2008/ Accepted 16 August 2008

The Beijing genotype is a globally spread lineage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In Russia, these strains constitute half of the local population of M. tuberculosis; they are associated with multidrug resistance and show increased transmissibility. Here, we analyzed traditional and new markers for the rapid and simple genotyping of the Beijing strains. A representative sample of 120 Beijing genotype strains was selected from a local IS6110-restriction fragment length (RFLP) database at the St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute. These strains were subjected to variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) typing using 24 loci of a newly proposed format and three hypervariable (HV) loci (QUB-3232, VNTR-3820, and VNTR-4120). Ten of the 27 VNTR loci were monomorphic, while five loci, MIRU26, QUB-26, QUB-3232, VNTR-3820, and VNTR-4120, were the most polymorphic (Hunter Gaston index, >0.5). VNTR typing allowed us to differentiate between two large IS6110-RFLP clusters known to be prevalent across the entire country (clusters B0/W148 and A0) and identified in 27 and 23% of strains, respectively, in the Beijing genotype database. The B0/W148 strains were grouped closely in the VNTR dendrogram and could be distinguished by a characteristic signature of the loci MIRU26 and QUB-26. Consequently, this clinically important IS6110-RFLP variant, B0/W148, likely presents a successful clonal group within the M. tuberculosis Beijing lineage that is widespread in Russia. To conclude, the IS6110-RFLP method and VNTR typing using a reduced set of the most polymorphic loci complement each other for the high-resolution epidemiological typing of the M. tuberculosis Beijing genotype strains circulating in or imported from Russia.

* Corresponding authors. Mailing address for I. Mokrousov: Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia. Phone: 7812 233 21 49. Fax: 7812 232 92 17. E-mail: igormokrousov{at}yahoo.com. Mailing address for N. Rastogi: Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Abymes 97183, Guadeloupe. Phone: 590-590-893881. Fax: 590-590-893880. E-mail: nrastogi{at}pasteur-guadeloupe.fr

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 27 August 2008.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jcm.asm.org/.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, November 2008, p. 3576-3584, Vol. 46, No. 11
0095-1137/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00414-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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