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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, February 2008, p. 417-422, Vol. 46, No. 2
0095-1137/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00674-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Virulence Genotypes and Phylogenetic Background of Escherichia coli Serogroup O6 Isolates from Humans, Dogs, and Cats ^,

James R. Johnson,^1,2* Brian Johnston,^1,2 Connie R. Clabots,^1,2 Michael A. Kuskowski,^3,4 Elisabeth Roberts,⁵ and Chitrita DebRoy⁵

Mucosal and Vaccine Research Center,¹ Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center,³ Departments of Medicine,² Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota,⁴ E. coli Reference Center, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania⁵

Received 26 March 2007/ Returned for modification 8 June 2007/ Accepted 1 November 2007

Molecular evidence is limited for the hypothesis that humans, dogs, and cats can become colonized and infected with similar virulent Escherichia coli strains. To further assess this possibility, archived E. coli O6 isolates (n = 130) from humans (n = 55), dogs (n = 59), and cats (n = 16), representing the three main H (flagellar) types within serogroup O6 (H1, H7, and H31), were analyzed, along with selected reference strains. Isolates underwent PCR-based phylotyping, multilocus sequence typing, PCR-based detection of 55 virulence-associated genes, and XbaI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiling. Three major sequence types (STs), which corresponded closely with H types, accounted for 99% of the 130 O6 isolates. Each ST included human, dog, and cat isolates; two included reference pyelonephritis isolates CFT073 (O6:K2:H1) and 536 (O6:K15:H31). Virulence genotypes overlapped considerably among host species, despite statistically significant differences between human and pet isolates. Several human and dog isolates from ST127 (O6:H31) exhibited identical virulence genotypes and highly similar PFGE profiles, consistent with cross-species exchange of specific E. coli clones. In conclusion, the close similarity in the genomic backbone and virulence genotype between certain human- and animal-source E. coli isolates within serogroup O6 supports the hypothesis of zoonotic potential.

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* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Infectious Diseases (111F), Minneapolis VA Medical Center, 1 Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417. Phone: (612) 467-4185. Fax: (612) 727-5995. E-mail: johns007{at}umn.edu

Published ahead of print on 14 November 2007.

Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jcm.asm.org/.

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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, February 2008, p. 417-422, Vol. 46, No. 2
0095-1137/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00674-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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