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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, April 2009, p. 988-993, Vol. 47, No. 4
0095-1137/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.01346-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Universal Detection and Identification of Avian Influenza Virus by Use of Resequencing Microarrays{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Baochuan Lin,1* Anthony P. Malanoski,1 Zheng Wang,1 Kate M. Blaney,2 Nina C. Long,2 Carolyn E. Meador,2 David Metzgar,3 Christopher A. Myers,3 Samuel L. Yingst,4 Marshall R. Monteville,4 Magdi D. Saad,4 Joel M. Schnur,1,{ddagger} Clark Tibbetts,5 and David A. Stenger1

Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Code 6900, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375,1 Nova Research, Incorporated, Alexandria, Virginia 22308,2 Department of Respiratory Disease Research, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California 92106,3 Naval Medical Research Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt,4 TessArae, LLC, Potomac Falls, Virginia 201655

Received 15 July 2008/ Returned for modification 9 January 2009/ Accepted 17 February 2009

Zoonotic microbes have historically been, and continue to emerge as, threats to human health. The recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in bird populations and the appearance of some human infections have increased the concern of a possible new influenza pandemic, which highlights the need for broad-spectrum detection methods for rapidly identifying the spread or outbreak of all variants of avian influenza virus. In this study, we demonstrate that high-density resequencing pathogen microarrays (RPM) can be such a tool. The results from 37 influenza virus isolates show that the RPM platform is an effective means for detecting and subtyping influenza virus, while simultaneously providing sequence information for strain resolution, pathogenicity, and drug resistance without additional analysis. This study establishes that the RPM platform is a broad-spectrum pathogen detection and surveillance tool for monitoring the circulation of prevalent influenza viruses in the poultry industry and in wild birds or incidental exposures and infections in humans.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Code 6900, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, S.W., Washington, DC 20375. Phone: (202) 767-0289. Fax: (202) 767-9594. E-mail: baochuan.lin{at}nrl.navy.mil

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 11 March 2009.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jcm.asm.org/.

{ddagger} Current address: College of Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, April 2009, p. 988-993, Vol. 47, No. 4
0095-1137/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.01346-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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