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Virology

Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Dialysis Centers in The Netherlands: a National Survey by Serological and Molecular Methods

Peter M. Schneeberger, Ingrid Keur, Walter van der Vliet, Kitty van Hoek, Henk Boswijk, Anton M. van Loon, Willemien C. van Dijk, Robert H. Kauffmann, Wim Quint, Leen-Jan van Doorn
Peter M. Schneeberger
Department of Microbiology, Bosch Medicentrum, Den Bosch, 1
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Ingrid Keur
Diatel Amsterdam 2 and
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Walter van der Vliet
Department of Molecular Biology, Diagnostic Center SSDZ, Delft, 3
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Kitty van Hoek
Department of Molecular Biology, Diagnostic Center SSDZ, Delft, 3
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Henk Boswijk
National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, 4
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Anton M. van Loon
Department of Virology, University Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, 5
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Willemien C. van Dijk
Department of Microbiology, Slotervaart Hospital, 6 Amsterdam, and
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Robert H. Kauffmann
Department of Internal Medicine, Leyenburg Hospital, The Hague, 7 The Netherlands
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Wim Quint
Department of Molecular Biology, Diagnostic Center SSDZ, Delft, 3
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Leen-Jan van Doorn
Department of Molecular Biology, Diagnostic Center SSDZ, Delft, 3
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    Fig. 1.

    Distribution of HCV-positive sera among 39 dialysis centers in The Netherlands.

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  • Table 1.

    Detection of HCV infection among 2,653 Dutch dialysis patients

    Test resultsNo. of patients
    EIALIATotalPCR positive
    PositivePositive7057
    PositiveIndeterminate52
    PositiveNegative42
    Negative2,5746
    Total no.2,65367
  • Table 2.

    Comparison of INNO-test HCV Ab III EIA, Ortho HCV 3.0 EIA, and RT-PCR results

    INNO-testOrtho
    PositiveNegativeTotal
    PCR positivePCR negativePCR positivePCR negative
    Positive52124472
    Negative10506
    Total53129478
  • Table 3.

    Distribution of HCV genotypes among Dutch dialysis patients

    GenotypeNo. (%) of isolates
    Present study (n = 71)Beneluxa (n = 311)
    1a17 (24)c 32 (10.1)
    1b33 (46)187 (59.4)
    2a9 (13)20 (6.3)
    2b1 (1)3 (0.9)
    22 (3)1 (0.3)
    3a5 (7)45 (14.3)
    4a3 (4)15 (4.8)
    5a7 (2.2)
    Unknownb 1 (1)1 (0.3)
    Multipled 4 (6)c 4 (1.3)
    • ↵a van Doorn et al. (31).

    • ↵b No subtype determined.

    • ↵c P < 0.05 (Fisher’s exact test).

    • ↵d n = 67.

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Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Dialysis Centers in The Netherlands: a National Survey by Serological and Molecular Methods
Peter M. Schneeberger, Ingrid Keur, Walter van der Vliet, Kitty van Hoek, Henk Boswijk, Anton M. van Loon, Willemien C. van Dijk, Robert H. Kauffmann, Wim Quint, Leen-Jan van Doorn
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jun 1998, 36 (6) 1711-1715; DOI:

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Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Dialysis Centers in The Netherlands: a National Survey by Serological and Molecular Methods
Peter M. Schneeberger, Ingrid Keur, Walter van der Vliet, Kitty van Hoek, Henk Boswijk, Anton M. van Loon, Willemien C. van Dijk, Robert H. Kauffmann, Wim Quint, Leen-Jan van Doorn
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jun 1998, 36 (6) 1711-1715; DOI:
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