Recovery of Bordetella holmesii from Patients with Pertussis-Like Symptoms: Use of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis To  Characterize Circulating Strains

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Fig. 1.
XbaI (A) and SpeI (B) B. holmesii restriction patterns.

Table 1.

Phenotypic characteristics of B. holmesiiisolates, other representative Bordetella spp., and a nonhemolytic asaccharolytic Acinetobacter

Test^a	% of positive isolates (no. of isolates with delayed reactions)
Test^a	B. holmesii (n = 32 [nasopharyngeal])^b	B. pertussis(n = 5)	B. parapertussis (n = 5)	B. bronchiseptica (n = 4)	Asaccharolytic nonhemolyticAcinetobacter^c
Fluorescent-antibody test with:
B. pertussisconjugate	0	100	0	0	NT^d
B. parapertussisconjugate	0	0	100	0	NT
Beta-like hemolysis	0	100^e	100	50	22
Acid produced from dextrose	0	0	0	0	0
Growth on MacConkey agar	100^f	0	100	100	73 (4)
Oxidase	0	100	0	100	0.8^e
Urea hydrolysis	0	0	100	100	5 (14)
Motility	0	0	0	100	0
Brown soluble pigment	100	0	100	0	10
Acinetobactertransformation assay	0	0	0	0	100

↵a All isolates tested negative by Gram staining. Except for Gram staining, the oxidase test, theAcinetobacter transformation assay, and the fluorescent-antibody test, test results were read daily. Final readings were taken after 7 days of incubation.
↵b Isolates include two strains previously confirmed at the CDC as B. holmesii. One B. holmesii blood isolate (95R0375) was negative by all tests except the oxidase test (it showed a light reaction) and the brown soluble pigment test.
↵c Data are from reference10.
↵d NT, not tested.
↵e The reaction was weak.
↵f The reaction was light.

Table 2.

Recovery of Bordetella species on selective and nonselective media

↵a NT, not tested (the effect of cephalexin in BG agar on B. pertussis, B. parapertussis, and B. bronchiseptica was not evaluated since all of them were originally recovered from a medium containing cephalexin).