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Mycology

In Vitro Susceptibility of Invasive Isolates of Candida spp. to Anidulafungin, Caspofungin, and Micafungin: Six Years of Global Surveillance

M. A. Pfaller, L. Boyken, R. J. Hollis, J. Kroeger, S. A. Messer, S. Tendolkar, D. J. Diekema
M. A. Pfaller
1Departments of Pathology
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  • For correspondence: michael-pfaller@uiowa.edu
L. Boyken
1Departments of Pathology
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R. J. Hollis
1Departments of Pathology
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J. Kroeger
1Departments of Pathology
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S. A. Messer
1Departments of Pathology
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S. Tendolkar
1Departments of Pathology
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D. J. Diekema
1Departments of Pathology
2Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01901-07
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Tables

  • TABLE 1.

    Species distribution of Candida isolates by geographic region

    Candida species% of isolatesa
    APAC (n = 958)LAM (n = 1,112)EU (n = 1,787)NAM (n = 1,489)Total (n = 5,346)
    C. albicans 57.1047.9358.4250.0353.67
    C. parapsilosis 15.9718.6210.6314.0414.20
    C. glabrata 8.465.6713.9323.7713.97
    C. tropicalis 14.2019.968.567.6611.69
    C. krusei 0.941.624.871.482.54
    C. guilliermondii 0.733.600.500.341.14
    C. lusitaniae 0.630.631.291.481.08
    C. kefyr 0.100.631.230.470.69
    C. famata 0.840.720.220.270.45
    Candida spp.b1.040.630.340.470.56
    • ↵ a Regions: APAC, Asia-Pacific (16 study sites); LAM, Latin America (15 study sites); EU, Europe (32 study sites); NAM, North America (28 study sites). For each region, the number of isolates (n) is given in parentheses.

    • ↵ b Includes C. pelliculosa (11 isolates), C. lipolytica (8 isolates), C. dubliniensis (6 isolates), C. rugosa (2 isolates), C. zeylanoides (2 isolates), and C. intermedia (1 isolate).

  • TABLE 2.

    In vitro susceptibilities of 5,346 clinical isolates of Candida spp. to anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin

    OrganismNo. of isolates testedAntifungal agentCumulative % of isolates susceptible at a MIC (μg/ml) ofa:
    0.0070.0150.030.060.120.250.5124≥8
    C. albicans 2,869Anidulafungin6.233.569.5 92.4 99.199.599.599.6100.0
    Caspofungin1.726.774.2 97.1 99.399.9100.0
    Micafungin11.980.6 96.4 99.399.499.599.6100.0
    C. parapsilosis 759Anidulafungin0.30.30.31.44.727.9 92.5 100.0
    Caspofungin0.10.53.310.752.289.5 98.6 99.9100.0
    Micafungin0.10.30.30.56.124.479.3 100.0
    C. glabrata 747Anidulafungin0.47.862.4 93.6 99.499.799.999.9100.0
    Caspofungin7.065.2 95.3 98.499.299.799.999.999.9100.0
    Micafungin13.7 91.4 97.998.999.599.999.9100.0
    C. tropicalis 625Anidulafungin3.224.275.7 95.0 98.499.499.599.5100.0
    Caspofungin1.331.079.7 97.3 99.099.799.799.899.899.8100.0
    Micafungin4.039.577.6 96.3 98.699.599.7100.0
    C. krusei 136Anidulafungin2.947.1 90.4 99.399.3100.0
    Caspofungin0.70.741.975.7 94.9 99.3100.0
    Micafungin2.213.285.3 96.3 100.0
    C. guilliermondii 61Anidulafungin3.36.613.157.4 90.2 100.0
    Caspofungin1.64.911.539.380.3 95.1 95.195.1100.0
    Micafungin3.33.36.611.521.365.6 98.4 100.0
    C. lusitaniae 58Anidulafungin1.713.843.1 96.6 100.0
    Caspofungin3.46.944.889.7 96.6 100.0
    Micafungin1.78.663.8 96.6 98.3100.0
    C. kefyr 37Anidulafungin2.710.856.8 100.0
    Caspofungin13.5 97.3 100.0
    Micafungin5.440.5 100.0
    C. famata 24Anidulafungin4.216.720.820.820.825.050.0 100.0
    Caspofungin4.212.520.837.570.870.8 95.8 100.0
    Micafungin4.216.716.720.833.375.0 91.7 100.0
    Candida spp.30Anidulafungin3.330.050.063.363.373.386.7 93.3 96.796.7100.0
    Caspofungin16.743.363.373.3 96.7 100.0
    Micafungin20.053.366.766.786.7 100.0
    Total5,346Anidulafungin3.721.148.972.682.083.484.788.7 98.8 99.9100.0
    Caspofungin1.219.759.479.684.0 91.9 98.199.799.999.9100.0
    Micafungin8.860.975.681.983.385.088.5 97.0 100.0
    • ↵ a Values corresponding to MICs at which at least 90% of isolates are inhibited are listed in bold type.

  • TABLE 3.

    Variation in echinocandin MIC profiles by geographic region

    Region(s) and speciesNo. of isolates testedAntifungal agentNo. of isolates for which the MIC (μg/ml) was:
    0.0070.0150.030.060.120.250.5124≥8
    Asia-Pacific
        C. albicans547Anidulafungin3213619512849412
    Caspofungin121392281481631
    Micafungin633511082122
        C. parapsilosis153Anidulafungin11544966
    Caspofungin169655598
    Micafungin15349122
        C. glabrata81Anidulafungin655182
    Caspofungin856161
    Micafungin165582
        C. tropicalis136Anidulafungin52667344
    Caspofungin248582431
    Micafungin738602353
        C. krusei9Anidulafungin45
    Caspofungin72
    Micafungin162
        C. guilliermondii7Anidulafungin1141
    Caspofungin1231
    Micafungin1132
        C. lusitaniae6Anidulafungin231
    Caspofungin33
    Micafungin141
        C. kefyr1Anidulafungin1
    Caspofungin1
    Micafungin1
        C. famata8Anidulafungin1124
    Caspofungin11141
    Micafungin2312
    Latin America
        C. albicans533Anidulafungin341341851344222
    Caspofungin7119249134195
    Micafungin5736388232
        C. parapsilosis207Anidulafungin12106112310
    Caspofungin252481771611
    Micafungin11195010927
        C. glabrata63Anidulafungin842121
    Caspofungin437184
    Micafungin8532
        C. tropicalis222Anidulafungin53911947651
    Caspofungin2611104252
    Micafungin6799139421
        C. krusei18Anidulafungin981
    Caspofungin675
    Micafungin1152
        C. guilliermondii40Anidulafungin2320105
    Caspofungin14101753
    Micafungin4218151
        C. lusitaniae7Anidulafungin34
    Caspofungin232
    Micafungin52
        C. kefyr7Anidulafungin232
    Caspofungin7
    Micafungin43
        C. famata8Anidulafungin125
    Caspofungin11141
    Micafungin242
    Europe
        C. albicans1,044Anidulafungin4726839926856114
    Caspofungin122385342302541
    Micafungin10874815525314
        C. parapsilosis190Anidulafungin434012419
    Caspofungin15117179221
    Micafungin172611145
        C. glabrata249Anidulafungin1141359171
    Caspofungin1714669143
    Micafungin281991831
        C. tropicalis153Anidulafungin7338719511
    Caspofungin348742431
    Micafungin860532831
        C. krusei87Anidulafungin3383691
    Caspofungin132311841
    Micafungin2126094
        C. guilliermondii9Anidulafungin1134
    Caspofungin1332
    Micafungin11142
        C. lusitaniae23Anidulafungin126131
    Caspofungin271112
    Micafungin1110101
        C. kefyr22Anidulafungin11011
    Caspofungin2191
    Micafungin616
        C. famata4Anidulafungin211
    Caspofungin211
    Micafungin112
    North America
        C. albicans745Anidulafungin6424625412843514
    Caspofungin18220354145431
    Micafungin11450810214223
        C. parapsilosis209Anidulafungin273114722
    Caspofungin512987222
    Micafungin112910663
        C. glabrata354Anidulafungin2271761321421
    Caspofungin2319612243411
    Micafungin50274206121
        C. tropicalis114Anidulafungin333492162
    Caspofungin129622011
    Micafungin4453427211
        C. krusei22Anidulafungin19102
    Caspofungin11632
    Micafungin111721
        C. guilliermondii5Anidulafungin32
    Caspofungin221
    Micafungin221
        C. lusitaniae22Anidulafungin35131
    Caspofungin21091
    Micafungin21361
        C. kefyr7Anidulafungin142
    Caspofungin34
    Micafungin232
        C. famata4Anidulafungin112
    Caspofungin121
    Micafungin1111
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In Vitro Susceptibility of Invasive Isolates of Candida spp. to Anidulafungin, Caspofungin, and Micafungin: Six Years of Global Surveillance
M. A. Pfaller, L. Boyken, R. J. Hollis, J. Kroeger, S. A. Messer, S. Tendolkar, D. J. Diekema
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jan 2008, 46 (1) 150-156; DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01901-07

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In Vitro Susceptibility of Invasive Isolates of Candida spp. to Anidulafungin, Caspofungin, and Micafungin: Six Years of Global Surveillance
M. A. Pfaller, L. Boyken, R. J. Hollis, J. Kroeger, S. A. Messer, S. Tendolkar, D. J. Diekema
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jan 2008, 46 (1) 150-156; DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01901-07
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KEYWORDS

antifungal agents
Candida
candidiasis
echinocandins
Lipoproteins

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