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Virology

Prevalence and Clinical Characterization of a Newly Identified Human Rhinovirus C Species in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections

Yu Jin, Xin-Hui Yuan, Zhi-Ping Xie, Han-Chun Gao, Jing-Rong Song, Rong-Fang Zhang, Zi-Qian Xu, Li-Shu Zheng, Yun-De Hou, Zhao-Jun Duan
Yu Jin
1Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
3Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
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Xin-Hui Yuan
1Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
2State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China
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Zhi-Ping Xie
2State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China
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Han-Chun Gao
2State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China
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Jing-Rong Song
1Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
2State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China
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Rong-Fang Zhang
1Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
2State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China
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Zi-Qian Xu
2State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China
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Li-Shu Zheng
2State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China
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Yun-De Hou
2State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China
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Zhao-Jun Duan
2State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China
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  • For correspondence: zhaojund@126.com
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00745-09
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  • FIG. 1.
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    FIG. 1.

    Seasonal distribution of HRV and other common viruses (A) and HRV-A, -B, and -C during the study period (B).

  • FIG. 2.
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    FIG. 2.

    Distribution of various genotypes of HRV-positive specimens by patient age.

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    FIG. 3.

    Phylogenetic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of the VP4/VP2 gene (420 bp) of the 53 HRVs with reference strains. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method by using MEGA 3.1, and bootstrap values were determined with 1,000 replicates. Virus sequence names shown without symbols were reference strains; representative HRV sequences and other rhinoviruses from GenBank are indicated by isolate names. GenBank accession numbers of each strain are given in parentheses.

Tables

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  • TABLE 1.

    Comparison of the clinical characteristics between groups of children with acute respiratory infections

    Patient characteristicPatient groupaP value for:
    HRV-CHRVA/B monoinfection (n = 19)RSV monoinfection (n = 73)Group 1 vs group 2Group 1 vs group 3Group 1 vs group 4
    Monoinfection (group 1; n = 11)Coinfection (group 2; n = 8)
    General
        Male7 (64)5 (63)12 (63)44 (60)111
        Age of ≤3 yr6 (55)7 (88)12 (63)58 (80)0.1210.7120.374
        Hospitalization5 (46)4 (50)17 (90)46 (63)0.3280.0281
        Median duration of hospitalization (days)b5 [2-26]3 [3-7]7 [2-17]10 [2-36]0.3770.9460.752
    Clinical diagnosis
        AURI5 (46)5 (63)3 (16)7 (10)0.0070.1041
        Acute laryngitis1 (9)01 (5)1 (1)0.2461
        Suppurative tonsillitis1 (9)000
        Bronchitis003 (15)3
        Bronchiolitis002 (10)20
        Bronchopneumonia4 (36)3 (38)9 (47)42 (58)0.2120.7081
    Clinical manifestations
        Runny nose4 (36)6 (75)2 (11)37 (52)111
        Fever of >38°C3 (27)4 (50)5 (26)34 (47)0.33210.642
        Cough9 (82)7 (88)14 (74)64 (88)0.63211
        Wheezing03 (38)5 (26)24 (33)
        Cyanosis1 (9)1 (13)3 (15)8 (11)111
        Dyspnea1 (9)1 (13)2 (10)15 (20)0.68211
        Crackles5 (46)5 (63)10 (53)45 (62)0.3411
        Heart failure00011
    • ↵ a Except as noted, values represent the numbers of patients with the characteristic shown, with percentages shown in parentheses.

    • ↵ b Values in this row represent median numbers of days hospitalized (with ranges shown in brackets), in addition to the associated P values.

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Prevalence and Clinical Characterization of a Newly Identified Human Rhinovirus C Species in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections
Yu Jin, Xin-Hui Yuan, Zhi-Ping Xie, Han-Chun Gao, Jing-Rong Song, Rong-Fang Zhang, Zi-Qian Xu, Li-Shu Zheng, Yun-De Hou, Zhao-Jun Duan
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Aug 2009, 47 (9) 2895-2900; DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00745-09

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Prevalence and Clinical Characterization of a Newly Identified Human Rhinovirus C Species in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections
Yu Jin, Xin-Hui Yuan, Zhi-Ping Xie, Han-Chun Gao, Jing-Rong Song, Rong-Fang Zhang, Zi-Qian Xu, Li-Shu Zheng, Yun-De Hou, Zhao-Jun Duan
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Aug 2009, 47 (9) 2895-2900; DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00745-09
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KEYWORDS

Picornaviridae Infections
respiratory tract infections
rhinovirus

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