Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG. 1.
(A) Facial leproma-like lesions of the chimpanzee Haruna (13 May 2009). (B) The same chimpanzee without lesions 1 year earlier (16 May 2008). (C) Ziehl-Neelsen staining of a nasal swab specimen showing globus-filled acid-fast bacilli (×1,000 magnification). (D) A skin smear from a left forearm nodule also showing multiple acid-fast bacilli (×1,000 magnification). Tissue staining was performed as previously described (18). (E) Hematoxylin and eosin staining of a skin biopsy sample from a right forearm nodule, showing accumulation of foamy histiocytes in the upper dermis (×400 magnification). (F) Fite staining demonstrating numerous acid-fast bacilli within the histiocytes (×400 magnification). (G) PCR analysis demonstrating M. leprae Hsp70 DNA. Tissue DNA was prepared using a QIAamp DNA Micro kit (Qiagen Inc., Valencia, CA) according to the manufacturer's protocol. PCR was performed as previously described (18) using specific primers (10, 17). PCR products were sequenced using an ABI Prism 310 genetic analyzer and GeneScan Collection software (Applied Biosystems). PC, positive control; NC1, negative control 1 (nuclease-free water was used as a template for PCR); NC2, negative control 2 (nuclease-free water was used instead of skin tissue to purify DNA). Human β-globin served as a positive control for DNA extraction from the skin biopsy sample.
- FIG. 2.
Sequence analysis of the three reported SNPs of M. leprae DNA. PCR was performed using previously described primer sets (13), and the PCR products were sequenced using an ABI Prism 310 genetic analyzer and GeneScan Collection software (Applied Biosystems).
- FIG. 3.
Changes in the serum anti-PGL-I antibody titer before and after disease onset. The arrow indicates the approximate date when skin lesions appeared. The shaded area indicates the negative range. The serum anti-PGL-I antibody titer was measured using a gelatin particle agglutination test kit, Serodia-Leprae (Fujirebio, Tokyo, Japan), according to the manufacturer's instructions. Antibody titers > 25 were judged to represent positive results.
