Prevalence and Outcomes of Achromobacter Species Infections in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: a North American Cohort Study

DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02556-16

Article Figures & Data

Open in new tab
Download powerpoint
FIG 1
Natural history of chronic infection with Achromobacter species. The incidence of Achromobacter isolation by time is shown for patients with persistent infection. The age at incident Achromobacter infection is documented. Species were identified as Achromobacter spp. at initial culture and continued with this designation if the isolate was not recoverable (discarded or nonviable) from the biobank for species analysis.
Open in new tab
Download powerpoint
FIG 2
Dendrogram for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of Achromobacter isolates recovered from the Calgary Adult CF Clinic biobank and assessed for natural history and epidemiology. Designations show patient-strain-date (day/month/year).

TABLE 1

Demographics of patients with Achromobacter sp. infection^a

Parameter	Value for group				P value^d
Parameter	Total (n = 34)	Transient infection (n = 24)	Persistent infection (n = 10)	Controls (n = 18)	Transient infection vs persistent infection	Persistent infection vs controls
Median age (IQR)	24 (20.3–29.8)	25 (21.0–30.3)	24 (19.3–27.3)	22 (18.0–25.8)	0.80	0.45
No. (%) of males	15 (44.1)	9 (37.5)	6 (60.0)	11 (61.1)	0.23	0.95
Median BMI (IQR)	20 (18.3–21.4)	20 (18.4–21.1)	19 (18.2–21.8)	21 (19.2–23.1)	0.76	0.50
No. (%) of patients with pancreatic insufficiency	29 (85.3)	20 (83.3)	9 (90.0)	13 (72.2)	0.62	0.27
Median FVC% (IQR)	73 (56.3–95.8)	69 (56.8–102.3)	75 (54.8–85.5)	86 (64.8–104.8)	0.25	0.11
Median FEV₁% (IQR)	51 (35.5–81.3)	47 (34.5–87.3)	57 (38.3–75.5)	66 (43.3–88.5)	0.63	0.22
No. (%) of patients with home O₂	4 (11.8)	3 (12.5)	1 (10.0)	0 (0.0)	0.84	0.17
No. (%) of patients who received:
Inhaled tobramycin^b	7 (20.6)	5 (20.8)	2 (20.0)	4 (22.2)	0.96	0.89
Azithromycin^b	4 (11.8)	3 (12.5)	1 (10.0)	4 (22.2)	0.84	0.42
Inhaled corticosteroid	8 (23.5)	3 (12.5)	5 (50.0)	3 (16.7)	0.02	0.06
No. (%) of patients with chronic coinfection
P. aeruginosa	28 (82.4)	20 (83.3)	8 (80.0)	12 (66.6)	0.82	0.45
S. aureus	25 (73.5)	17 (70.8)	8 (80.0)	7 (38.8)	0.58	0.04
No. (%) of patients with comorbidity^c
CFRD	5 (14.7)	3 (12.5)	2 (20.0)	3 (16.7)	0.57	0.83
Sinus disease	10 (29.4)	6 (25.0)	4 (40.0)	10 (55.6)	0.38	0.43
Bone disease	9 (26.5)	7 (29.2)	2 (20.0)	4 (22.2)	0.58	0.89
CFLD	8 (23.5)	6 (25.0)	2 (20.0)	2 (11.1)	0.75	0.52
DIOS	3 (8.8)	3 (12.5)	0 (0.0)	2 (11.1)	0.24	0.27

↵a Baseline data are from the 2 years prior to incident Achromobacter culture. Note that the “persistent” cohort included a 10th patient who was unable to be compared to control patients for clinical outcomes.
↵b Azithromycin or tobramycin use at time of Achromobacter sp. culture or control study entry.
↵c CFRD, CF-related diabetes; CFLD, CF liver disease; DIOS, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome.
↵d Values in bold indicate those which were statistically significant.