antibiotic resistance
MinireviewMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Hospitals: Latest Trends and Treatments Based on BacteriophagesEven though antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a natural phenomenon, the alarming increase in pathogenic bacteria refractory to a wide range of antimicrobials is attracting attention worldwide. Indeed, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recently published a list of priority pathogens for which new antimicrobial alternatives are urgently needed. Among these pathogens, methicillin-resistant...
CommentaryBringing Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing for New Drugs into the Clinical Laboratory: Removing Obstacles in Our Fight against Multidrug-Resistant PathogensThere are now several new antibiotics available to treat multidrug-resistant pathogens, and susceptibility testing methods for these drugs are increasingly available at the time of drug approval. However, lack of clarity regarding verification requirements remains a formidable barrier to introducing such testing in clinical laboratories, making these drugs practically unavailable for patient use.
EpidemiologyMacrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in the United States as Determined from a National Surveillance ProgramThere are sparse data to indicate the extent that macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMp) occurs in the United States or its clinical significance. Between 2015 and 2018, hospitals in 8 states collected and stored respiratory specimens that tested positive for M. pneumoniae and sent them to...
BacteriologyMulticenter Clinical Evaluation of a Novel Multiplex Real-Time PCR (qPCR) Assay for Detection of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Mycoplasma genitaliumMycoplasma genitalium causes a common sexually transmitted infection with a marked propensity to develop antimicrobial resistance. As few treatment options exist, this poses significant challenges to clinicians. Recent diagnostic advances have resulted in tests that report the simultaneous detection of M....
BacteriologyHelicobacter pylori Mutations Detected by Next-Generation Sequencing in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Gastric Biopsy Specimens Are Associated with Treatment FailureHelicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance is widespread and increasing worldwide. Routine detection of H. pylori mutations that invoke antimicrobial resistance may be a useful approach to guide antimicrobial therapy and possibly avert treatment failure.
EpidemiologyComparing Patient Risk Factor-, Sequence Type-, and Resistance Locus Identification-Based Approaches for Predicting Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli Bloodstream InfectionsRapid diagnostic tests for antibiotic resistance that identify the presence or absence of antibiotic resistance genes/loci are increasingly being developed. However, these approaches usually neglect other sources of predictive information which could be identified over shorter time periods, including patient epidemiologic risk factors for antibiotic resistance and markers of lineage.
MinireviewGenome-Based Prediction of Bacterial Antibiotic ResistanceClinical microbiology has long relied on growing bacteria in culture to determine antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, but the use of whole-genome sequencing for antibiotic susceptibility testing (WGS-AST) is now a powerful alternative. This review discusses the technologies that made this possible and presents results from recent studies to predict resistance based on genome sequences.
EpidemiologyStreptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 3 in Mexico (1994 to 2017): Decrease of the Unusual Clonal Complex 4909 Lineage following PCV13 IntroductionStreptococcus pneumoniae expressing serotype 3 has a high virulence and a high case fatality ratio. Most studies of serotype 3 pneumococci have focused on a single lineage, the widespread sequence type 180 (ST180).
EpidemiologyPrevalence and Characterization of Heterogeneous Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Clusters Comprising Drug-Susceptible and/or Variable Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Isolates in the Netherlands from 2004 to 2016The variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) typing method is used to study tuberculosis (TB) transmission. Clustering of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates with identical VNTR patterns is assumed to reflect recent transmission.
