diagnostics
BacteriologyEvaluation of the ResistancePlus MG FleXible Assay for Detection of Wild-Type and 23S rRNA-Mutated Mycoplasma genitalium StrainsAntibiotic resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium is rising globally, and resistance-guided diagnostics can facilitate targeted and timely treatment. The ResistancePlus MG FleXible (RPMG Flex) assay for the detection of M. genitalium and macrolide resistance-mediating mutations (MRMM) was evaluated for...
BacteriologyA Multicenter Study of the Revogene C. difficile System for Detection of the Toxin B Gene from Unformed Stool SpecimensClostridioides difficile is the leading cause of diarrhea in hospitalized U.S. patients and results in over 400,000 cases of C. difficile infection per year. C. difficile infections have mortality rates of 6 to 30% and...
VirologyMetagenomic Nanopore Sequencing of Influenza Virus Direct from Clinical Respiratory SamplesInfluenza is a major global public health threat as a result of its highly pathogenic variants, large zoonotic reservoir, and pandemic potential. Metagenomic viral sequencing offers the potential for a diagnostic test for influenza virus which also provides insights on transmission, evolution, and drug resistance and simultaneously detects other viruses. We therefore set out to apply the Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing method to...
BacteriologyDetection of Colistin Resistance in Escherichia coli by Use of the MALDI Biotyper Sirius Mass Spectrometry SystemPolymyxin antibiotics are a last-line treatment for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. However, the emergence of colistin resistance, including the spread of mobile mcr genes, necessitates the development of improved diagnostics for the detection of colistin-resistant organisms in hospital settings.
ImmunoassaysNoninvasive Detection of Antibodies to Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Types 1 and 2 by Use of Oral FluidHuman T-lymphotropic viruses type 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) are prevalent in endemic clusters globally, and HTLV-1 infects at least 5 to 10 million individuals. Infection can lead to inflammation in the spinal cord, resulting in HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), or adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL).
ParasitologyChagas Disease Serological Test Performance in U.S. Blood Donor SpecimensChagas disease affects an estimated 300,000 individuals in the United States. Diagnosis in the chronic phase requires positive results from two different IgG serological tests. Three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) (Hemagen, Ortho, and Wiener) and one rapid test (InBios) are FDA cleared, but comparative data in U.S. populations are sparse. We evaluated 500 seropositive and 300 seronegative blood donor plasma samples.
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BacteriologyTreponema pallidum Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing To Augment Syphilis Screening among Men Who Have Sex with MenSyphilis rates in much of the world are now at their highest levels in almost three decades, and new approaches to controlling syphilis, including diagnostic tests with shorter window periods, are urgently needed.
EpidemiologyPigment Visibility on Rectal Swabs Used To Detect Enteropathogens: a Prospective Cohort StudyData are lacking regarding the impact of visible pigment on rectal swab diagnostic accuracy. We describe the test characteristics of rectal swabs with and without pigment in children with gastroenteritis.
BacteriologyIdentification of Burkholderia pseudomallei by Use of the Vitek Mass SpectrometerBurkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis. This condition most often presents as pneumonia and bacteremia, with mortality rates of 9% to 70%.
BacteriologyAntimicrobial Stewardship Opportunities in Patients with Bacteremia Not Identified by BioFire FilmArrayA subset of bacteremia cases are caused by organisms not detected by a rapid-diagnostics platform, BioFire blood culture identification (BCID), with unknown clinical characteristics and outcomes. Patients with ≥1 positive blood culture over a 15-month period were grouped by negative (NB-PC) versus positive (PB-PC) BioFire BCID results and compared with respect to demographics, infection characteristics, antibiotic therapy, and outcomes...