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drug resistance

  • HIV-2 Drug Resistance Genotyping from Dried Blood Spots
    Virology
    HIV-2 Drug Resistance Genotyping from Dried Blood Spots

    The treatment of HIV-2 in resource-limited settings (RLS) is complicated by the limited availability of HIV-2-active antiretroviral drugs and inadequate access to HIV-2 viral load and drug resistance testing. Dried blood spots (DBS)-based drug resistance testing, widely studied for HIV-1, has not been reported for HIV-2 and could present an opportunity to improve care for HIV-2-infected individuals. We selected 150 DBS specimens from...

    Dana N. Raugi, Robert S. Nixon, Sally Leong, Khadim Faye, Jean Phillipe Diatta, Fatima Sall, Robert A. Smith, ElHadji Ibrahima Sall, Jean Jacques Malomar, Moussa Seydi, Geoffrey S. Gottlieb
    and for the University of Washington-Senegal HIV-2 Research Group
  • Open Access
    A Comprehensive Genomics Solution for HIV Surveillance and Clinical Monitoring in Low-Income Settings
    Virology
    A Comprehensive Genomics Solution for HIV Surveillance and Clinical Monitoring in Low-Income Settings

    Viral genetic sequencing can be used to monitor the spread of HIV drug resistance, identify appropriate antiretroviral regimes, and characterize transmission dynamics. Despite decreasing costs, next-generation sequencing (NGS) is still prohibitively costly for routine use in generalized HIV epidemics in low- and middle-income countries. Here, we present veSEQ-HIV, a high-throughput, cost-effective NGS sequencing method and computational...

    David Bonsall, Tanya Golubchik, Mariateresa de Cesare, Mohammed Limbada, Barry Kosloff, George MacIntyre-Cockett, Matthew Hall, Chris Wymant, M. Azim Ansari, Lucie Abeler-Dörner, Ab Schaap, Anthony Brown, Eleanor Barnes, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Susan Eshleman, Ethan Wilson, Lynda Emel, Richard Hayes, Sarah Fidler, Helen Ayles, Rory Bowden, Christophe Fraser, HPTN 071 (PopART) Team
  • Open Access
    Validation of Bedaquiline Phenotypic Drug Susceptibility Testing Methods and Breakpoints: a Multilaboratory, Multicountry Study
    Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    Validation of Bedaquiline Phenotypic Drug Susceptibility Testing Methods and Breakpoints: a Multilaboratory, Multicountry Study

    Drug-resistant tuberculosis persists as a major public health concern. Alongside efficacious treatments, validated and standardized drug susceptibility testing (DST) is required to improve patient care. This multicountry, multilaboratory external quality assessment (EQA) study aimed to validate the sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of provisional bedaquiline MIC breakpoints and World Health Organization interim critical...

    Koné Kaniga, Akio Aono, Emanuele Borroni, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Christel Desmaretz, Rumina Hasan, Lavania Joseph, Satoshi Mitarai, Sadia Shakoor, Gabriela Torrea, Nazir Ahmed Ismail, Shaheed V. Omar
  • Open Access
    Interaction between Antibiotic Resistance, Resistance Genes, and Treatment Response for Urinary Tract Infections in Primary Care
    Bacteriology
    Interaction between Antibiotic Resistance, Resistance Genes, and Treatment Response for Urinary Tract Infections in Primary Care

    Given increasing antimicrobial resistance, we aimed to determine antibiotic susceptibility and presence of resistance genes in uropathogens in primary care, factors associated with resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics, and effect of treatment on early symptom resolution. We conducted a prospective study of primary care patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) symptoms and culture-confirmed UTI in Singapore from 2015 to 2016...

    Hanley J. Ho, Mei Xuan Tan, Mark I. Chen, Thean Yen Tan, Seok Hwee Koo, Agnes Y. L. Koong, Lok Pui Ng, Pei Lin Hu, Kee Tung Tan, Peter K. S. Moey, Eileen Y. L. Koh, Chia Siong Wong, David C. Lye, Ngiap Chuan Tan
  • Simple Assay for Detection of the Central Asia Outbreak Clade of the <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> Beijing Genotype
    Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    Simple Assay for Detection of the Central Asia Outbreak Clade of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Genotype

    The Central Asia outbreak (CAO) clade is a branch of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype that is associated with multidrug resistance, increased transmissibility, and epidemic spread in parts of the former Soviet Union. Furthermore, migration flows bring these strains far beyond their areas of origin.

    Egor Shitikov, Anna Vyazovaya, Maja Malakhova, Andrei Guliaev, Julia Bespyatykh, Evgeniya Proshina, Oksana Pasechnik, Igor Mokrousov
  • Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    Diagnostic Accuracy and Utility of FluoroType MTBDR, a New Molecular Assay for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
    Margaretha de Vos, Brigitta Derendinger, Tania Dolby, John Simpson, Paul D. van Helden, John E. Rice, Lawrence J. Wangh, Grant Theron, Robin M. Warren
  • Open Access
    Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    Validation of the FluoroType MTBDR Assay for Detection of Rifampin and Isoniazid Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Isolates
    Doris Hillemann, Carsten Haasis, Sönke Andres, Tobias Behn, Katharina Kranzer
  • Open Access
    Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    Genotyping Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Primary Sputum and Decontaminated Sediment with an Integrated Microfluidic Amplification Microarray Test
    Yvonne Linger, Christopher Knickerbocker, David Sipes, Julia Golova, Molly Franke, Roger Calderon, Leonid Lecca, Nitu Thakore, Rebecca Holmberg, Peter Qu, Alexander Kukhtin, Megan B. Murray, Christopher G. Cooney, Darrell P. Chandler
  • Bacteriology
    Evaluation of the Rapid Polymyxin NP Test for Polymyxin B Resistance Detection Using Enterobacter cloacae and Enterobacter aerogenes Isolates
    Shelby Simar, Diane Sibley, Deborah Ashcraft, George Pankey
  • Minireview
    Update on Antimicrobial Resistance in Clostridium difficile: Resistance Mechanisms and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
    Zhong Peng, Dazhi Jin, Hyeun Bum Kim, Charles W. Stratton, Bin Wu, Yi-Wei Tang, Xingmin Sun

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