multidrug resistance
Mycobacteriology and Aerobic ActinomycetesEvaluation of the Roche cobas MTB and MTB-RIF/INH Assays in Samples from Germany and Sierra LeoneThe cobas MTB and MTB-RIF/INH assays allow for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) nucleic acid and rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) resistance-associated mutations in an automated, high-throughput workflow. In this study, we evaluated the performance of these assays, employing samples from settings of low and high tuberculosis (TB) burdens....
MinireviewUltrasensitive Diagnostics for Low-Density Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum Infections in Low-Transmission SettingsThe emergence of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Southeast Asia (SEA) has accelerated regional malaria elimination efforts. Most malaria in this and other low-transmission settings exists in asymptomatic individuals, which conventional diagnostic tests lack the sensitivity to detect. This has led to the development of new ultrasensitive...
Mycobacteriology and Aerobic ActinomycetesComparative Analytical Evaluation of Four Centralized Platforms for the Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex and Resistance to Rifampicin and IsoniazidFailure to rapidly identify drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) increases the risk of patient mismanagement, the amplification of drug resistance, and ongoing transmission. We generated comparative analytical data for four automated assays for the detection of TB and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB): Abbott RealTime MTB and MTB RIF/INH (Abbott), Hain Lifescience FluoroType MTBDR (Hain), BD Max MDR-TB (BD), and Roche cobas MTB and...
BacteriologyGenomic Serotyping, Clinical Manifestations, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Nontyphoidal Salmonella Gastroenteritis in Hospitalized Children in Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamNontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) are among the most common etiological agents of diarrheal diseases worldwide and have become the most commonly detected bacterial pathogen in children hospitalized with diarrhea in Vietnam. Aiming to better understand the epidemiology, serovar distribution, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and clinical manifestation of NTS gastroenteritis in Vietnam, we conducted a clinical genomics investigation of...
BacteriologyPhenotypic Detection and Differentiation of Carbapenemase Classes Including OXA-48-Like Enzymes in Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by a Highly Specialized Micronaut-S Microdilution AssayThe objective of this study was to evaluate the Micronaut-S carbapenemase detection microtiter plate assay for the detection of carbapenemases and Ambler class determination. The Micronaut-S carbapenemase detection microtiter plate was tested using a challenging collection of 154 carbapenemase-producing and 150 carbapenemase-negative clinical strains of Enterobacterales and...
BacteriologyComparative Genomics and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling of Elizabethkingia Isolates Reveal Nosocomial Transmission and In Vitro Susceptibility to Fluoroquinolones, Tetracyclines, and Trimethoprim-SulfamethoxazoleThe Elizabethkingia genus has gained global attention in recent years as containing sporadic, worldwide, nosocomial pathogens. Elizabethkingia spp. are intrinsically multidrug resistant, primarily infect immunocompromised individuals, and are associated with high mortality (∼20 to 40%). As yet, gaps remain in our understanding of transmission, global strain relatedness, antimicrobial resistance, and effective therapy....
EpidemiologyClinical and Genomic Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Nonsusceptible Citrobacter spp. at a Tertiary Health Care Center over 2 DecadesCarbapenem-nonsusceptible Citrobacter spp. (CNSC) are increasingly recognized as health care-associated pathogens. Information regarding their clinical epidemiology, genetic diversity, and mechanisms of carbapenem resistance is lacking. We examined microbiology records of adult patients at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UMPC) Presbyterian Hospital (PUH) from 2000 to 2018 for CNSC, as defined by ertapenem...
EpidemiologyPersistent Transmission of Shigellosis in England Is Associated with a Recently Emerged Multidrug-Resistant Strain of Shigella sonneiWhole-genome sequencing has enhanced surveillance and facilitated detailed monitoring of the transmission of Shigella species in England. We undertook an epidemiological and phylogenetic analysis of isolates from all cases of shigellosis referred to Public Health England between 2015 and 2018 to explore recent strain characteristics and the transmission dynamics of Shigella species. Of the 4,950 confirmed cases of...
BacteriologyEvaluation of Calcium-Enhanced Media for Colistin Susceptibility Testing by Gradient Agar Diffusion and Broth Microdilution...Despite the increasing reliance on polymyxin antibiotics (polymyxin B and colistin) for treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections, many clinical laboratories are unable to perform susceptibility testing due to the lack of accurate and reliable methods. Although gradient agar diffusion is commonly performed for other antimicrobials, its use for polymyxins is discouraged due to poor performance characteristics.
BacteriologyWhole-Genome Sequencing Reveals a Prolonged and Persistent Intrahospital Transmission of Corynebacterium striatum, an Emerging Multidrug-Resistant PathogenCorynebacterium striatum is an emerging multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen that occurs primarily among immunocompromised and chronically ill patients. However, little is known about the genomic diversity of C. striatum, which contributes to its long-term persistence and transmission in hospitals.