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Mycobacterium tuberculosis

  • Open Access
    Rapid Tuberculosis Diagnosis Using Reporter Enzyme Fluorescence
    Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    Rapid Tuberculosis Diagnosis Using Reporter Enzyme Fluorescence

    Tuberculosis is the most frequent cause of death in humans from a single infectious agent. Due to low numbers of bacteria present in sputum during early infection, diagnosis does not usually occur until >3 to 4 months after symptoms develop. We created a new more sensitive diagnostic that can be carried out in 10 min with no processing or technical expertise.

    Preeti Sule, Ronak Tilvawala, Toriq Mustapha, Hany Hassounah, Aneesa Noormohamed, Suprateek Kundu, Edward A. Graviss, Grant K. Walkup, Ying Kong, Jeffrey D. Cirillo
  • Open Access
    How Well Do Routine Molecular Diagnostics Detect Rifampin Heteroresistance in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span>?
    Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    How Well Do Routine Molecular Diagnostics Detect Rifampin Heteroresistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

    Rifampin heteroresistance—where rifampin-resistant and -susceptible tuberculosis (TB) bacilli coexist—may result in failed standard TB treatment and potential spread of rifampin-resistant strains. The detection of rifampin heteroresistance in routine rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) allows for patients to receive prompt and effective multidrug-resistant-TB treatment and may improve rifampin-resistant TB control.

    Kamela C. S. Ng, Philip Supply, Frank G. J. Cobelens, Cyril Gaudin, Julian Gonzalez-Martin, Bouke C. de Jong, Leen Rigouts
  • Open Access
    Same-Day Tools, Including Xpert Ultra and IRISA-TB, for Rapid Diagnosis of Pleural Tuberculosis: a Prospective Observational Study
    Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    Same-Day Tools, Including Xpert Ultra and IRISA-TB, for Rapid Diagnosis of Pleural Tuberculosis: a Prospective Observational Study

    The diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis (TB) is problematic. The comparative performance of newer same-day tools for pleural TB, including Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (ULTRA), has hitherto not been comprehensively studied. Adenosine deaminase (ADA), IRISA-TB (interferon gamma ultrasensitive rapid immunosuspension assay), Xpert MTB/RIF, and ULTRA performance outcomes were evaluated in pleural fluid samples from 149 patients with suspected pleural...

    Richard Meldau, Philippa Randall, Anil Pooran, Jason Limberis, Edson Makambwa, Muhammed Dhansay, Aliasgar Esmail, Keertan Dheda
  • Direct Detection of Pyrazinamide Resistance in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> by Use of <em>pncA</em> PCR Sequencing
    Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    Direct Detection of Pyrazinamide Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Use of pncA PCR Sequencing

    An in-house-developed pncA sequencing assay for analysis of pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance was evaluated using 162 archived Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates with phenotypic PZA susceptibility profiles that were well defined by analysis of Bactec MGIT 960 PZA kit and PZase activity data. Preliminary results showed 100% concordance between ...

    Kingsley King-Gee Tam, Kenneth Siu-Sing Leung, Gilman Kit-Hang Siu, Kwok-Chiu Chang, Samson Sai-Yin Wong, Pak-Leung Ho, Eunice Ka-Chun Leung, Wing-Cheong Yam
  • Molecular Bacterial Load Assay Concurs with Culture on NaOH-Induced Loss of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> Viability
    Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    Molecular Bacterial Load Assay Concurs with Culture on NaOH-Induced Loss of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Viability

    Effective methods to detect viable Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the main causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), are urgently needed. To date, cultivation of M. tuberculosis is the gold standard, which depends on initial sample processing with N-acetyl-l-cysteine–sodium...

    Bariki Mtafya, Wilber Sabiiti, Issa Sabi, Joseph John, Emanuel Sichone, Nyanda E. Ntinginya, Stephen H. Gillespie
  • Simple Assay for Detection of the Central Asia Outbreak Clade of the <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> Beijing Genotype
    Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    Simple Assay for Detection of the Central Asia Outbreak Clade of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Genotype

    The Central Asia outbreak (CAO) clade is a branch of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype that is associated with multidrug resistance, increased transmissibility, and epidemic spread in parts of the former Soviet Union. Furthermore, migration flows bring these strains far beyond their areas of origin.

    Egor Shitikov, Anna Vyazovaya, Maja Malakhova, Andrei Guliaev, Julia Bespyatykh, Evgeniya Proshina, Oksana Pasechnik, Igor Mokrousov
  • GeneXpert MTB/RIF Is Superior to BBD Max MDR-TB for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis (TB) in a Country with Low Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant TB (MDR-TB)
    Letter to the Editor
    GeneXpert MTB/RIF Is Superior to BBD Max MDR-TB for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis (TB) in a Country with Low Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant TB (MDR-TB)
    E. M. Mokaddas, S. Ahmad, H. S. Eldeen
  • Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for Detection of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> in Cerebrospinal Fluid
    Letter to the Editor
    Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Cerebrospinal Fluid
    Jerome H. Chin, Abdu K. Musubire, Nicole Morgan, Jacob Pellinen, Scott Grossman, Jaydeep M. Bhatt, Vincent Wadda, Willy Ssengooba
  • Phylogenetic Analysis of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> Strains in Wales by Use of Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing To Analyze Whole-Genome Sequencing Data
    Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    Phylogenetic Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains in Wales by Use of Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing To Analyze Whole-Genome Sequencing Data

    An inability to standardize the bioinformatic data produced by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has been a barrier to its widespread use in tuberculosis phylogenetics. The aim of this study was to carry out a phylogenetic analysis of tuberculosis in Wales, United Kingdom, using Ridom SeqSphere software for core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) analysis of whole-genome sequencing data.

    R. C. Jones, L. G. Harris, S. Morgan, M. C. Ruddy, M. Perry, R. Williams, T. Humphrey, M. Temple, A. P. Davies
  • Heat Inactivation Renders Sputum Safe and Preserves <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> RNA for Downstream Molecular Tests
    Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
    Heat Inactivation Renders Sputum Safe and Preserves Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA for Downstream Molecular Tests

    The World Health Organization End Tuberculosis (TB) strategy has called for the development of—and increased access to—effective tools for diagnosis and treatment of TB disease. Mycobacterium tuberculosis , the causative agent of TB, is categorized as a highly infectious agent.

    Wilber Sabiiti, Khalide Azam, Ezembro Esmeraldo, Nilesh Bhatt, Andrea Rachow, Stephen H. Gillespie

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